Brennan and Wells named their product the Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions, or COMPAS. It assesses not just risk but also nearly two dozen so-called “criminogenic needs” that relate to the major theories of criminality, including “criminal personality,” “social isolation,” “substance abuse” and “residence/stability.” Defendants are ranked low, medium or high risk in each category.
(Angwin, Mattu, Larson, & Kirchner, 2016)Angwin, J., Mattu, S., Larson, J., & Kirchner, L. (2016, May). Machine Bias: There’s software used across the country to predict future criminals. And it’s biased against blacks. Propublica. [link]
NYS Division of Criminal Justice Services. (2012). NYS COMPAS Probation Risk and Need Assessment Study, 1–55. [link]
Northpointe. (2016). COMPAS Risk Assessment, 1–1. [link]